A reading log is one of those rare habits that has high value and low cost — if you do it badly enough. The version of it that fails is the elaborate one: the spreadsheet with sub-genres, the colour-coded cover photos, the structured review with rating sub-scores. After two months that becomes another chore.
The version that works is closer to a lazy diary. Three or four lines per book, written when you finish, kept somewhere you will actually look at later.
What to record
Title, author, dates started and finished, and a paragraph or two of personal impression. Not a review. Not a summary. Just what you remember thinking — what surprised you, what bored you, who you would recommend it to. A year later this is what you will want and what no online review will give you.
If you want to add structure, a one-to-five rating works fine. Going beyond that (sub-scores for prose, plot, characters, etc.) is the path to abandonment. Pick the lowest-effort format you can live with.
Where to keep it
A plain text file on your computer or phone, a small notebook, or a basic notes app. Avoid dedicated reading apps unless you actually enjoy the gamification — Goodreads and similar can be useful but they tilt toward performance and tracking, which is the opposite of what a personal log is for.
If you want the log to also serve as a way to find books, recording who recommended a book and where you heard about it is useful. After a year of logs you can spot which sources point you to books you actually like.
What the log gives you
Mainly: the ability to remember what you read. Most readers seriously underestimate how much they forget. A book you loved in March is mostly gone by November except for a vague feeling. The log restores enough of that feeling to make conversations about books possible and to help you find your way back to authors and ideas.
Secondarily: pattern recognition. After two years of logs you can see what kinds of books actually held your attention versus the kinds you keep buying because they look impressive. Reading lists are aspirational; reading logs are honest.